CSE Bibliographic Format Examples
Using Name-Year System
This
The Council of Scientific Editors 7th edition was
previously published under the subtitle: The
CBE Manual (Council of Biology Editors), and has been informed by
recommendations of authoritative international bodies in keeping with the
interdisciplinary approach to science. CSE end reference style is based upon National Library of Medicine (NLM) principles. NLM, in turn,
bases its format upon standards from the National
Information Standards Organization (NISO) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Print Format Examples
Books [CSE 29.3.7.2] Author(s). Date. Title.
Edition. Place of publication: publisher. Extent. Notes.
Parts of Books and Contributions to Books [CSE
29.3.7.2.10]
Irving L. 1969. Temperature regulation in marine mammals. In: Andersen HT,
editor. 1969. The biology of marine mammals.
Journals
[CSE 29.3.7.1] Author(s). Date. Article title. Journal title. volume(issue):location.
Sampat P. 2000 Jan-Feb.
Groundwater shock: the polluting of the world’s major freshwater sources. World Watch. 10-22.
Newspapers [CSE 29.3.7.8] Author(s). Date. Title
of article. Title of newspaper (edition). section:beginning page of article
(column no.)
Weiss R. 2003 Apr
11. Study shows problems in cloning people: researchers find replicating
primates will be harder than other mammals.
Technical Reports
[CSE 29.3.7.4] Author(s). Date.
Title of report. Edition.
Place of publication: publisher. Extent. Report No.:
Notes.
Reilly MH. 1979.
Equations of powered rocket ascent and orbit trajectory. Washington (DC): Naval
Research Laboratory (US). Report No: 8237.
Home Pages and Other Internet Material
“Although electronic documents differ radically in
physical form from the usual book or journal, the basic rules for citing them
are the same.” [CSE 29.3.7.12]
“The
basic rules for citing…do not differ markedly for homepages and other internet
items from what is required for print.” [CSE 29.3.7.13]
“A journal article, a
book, or other type of monograph, or a database that simply resides on the
Internet is cited the same way that such materials appearing in print are
cited, with these exceptions:
·
Use
the word “Internet” within square brackets as a medium designator after the
title of the book, journal, or database; see Section 29.3.7.13.4
·
Include
any date of update/revision and a date of citation within square brackets; as
well as the date of publication. Use the dates for the individual journal
article, monograph, or database, not the dates of the Internet site as a whole
unless no dates can be found for the individual item; see Section 29.3.7.13.8
·
Use
the Notes element to provide the URL or other electronic address of the item;
see Section 29.3.7.13.11”
“Because of the volatile nature of Internet
publications, there are three dates of importance in citing them:
·
the date the publication was placed on the Internet, or alternatively, was
copyrighted.
·
the latest date any update or revision occurred.
·
the date the person doing the citing actually saw the publication on the
Internet.” [CSE 29.3.7.13.8]
General format for an Internet document:
Homepages:
Title of homepage [medium
designator]. Date of publication.
Edition. Place of publication: publisher; [date
updated; date cited]. Notes.
Books on the Internet:
Author(s). Date of publication. Title of
book [medium designator]. Edition. Place of
publication: publisher; [date updated; date cited]. Notes.
Journal articles on the Internet:
Author(s) of article. Date of publication. Title of
article. Title of journal (edition) [medium designator]. [date updated; date cited];
volume(issue):location. Notes.
Notes in Homepages and Other Internet Material
“The notes component of a reference usually has no
specified format or punctuation and is not required. Its purpose is to give the
reader useful information not provided elsewhere in a citation. However,
availability information is a required part of all citations to the
Internet.” [CSE 29.3.7.13.11] Notes can avoid confusion by providing unique
data to help locate items.
EXAMPLES
OF NOTES
doi
is the Digital Object Identifier
ID’s are used in many databases to provide a unique accession number to an
article or book
ISSN and ISBN
are international standard serial and book numbers.
URL’s are Website availability
addresses (Uniform Resource Locators) and are required for Web page citations.
Do not place a period after a URL as it may interfere with hyperlinking
Electronic
Format
Examples For Sources
From Library Databases
Journal Article (more than
10 authors)
Malarta G, Tubbs K,
Brighton E, Ballard D, Kali J, Franks BB, Ziegler B, Creighton V, Jenks Q,
Peters D, et al. 2007. Investigating pain.
Wang C. Stem
cells. c2008. In: McGraw-Hill’s AccessScience: Encyclopedia
of Science and Technology Online [Internet]. Hightstown (NJ):McGraw-Hill
Education; [cited 2008 Jul 9]. doi:
10.1036/1097-8542.800100
Carbone L. 2004. What animals want: expertise and advocacy in
laboratory animal welfare policy [Internet].
Electronic Format Examples For
Public Domain Internet
Sources
Journal
Article (from
publishers' Web site; electronic equivalent of print version)
Leng F, Amado L, McMacken R. 2004. Coupling DNA supercoiling to
transcription in defined protein systems. Journal of
Biological Chemistry [Internet]. [cited 2007
Jul 24];279(46):47564-47571. Available from:
http://www.jbc.org/cgi/reprint/279/46/47564
Journal
Article (online-only
journal; no print equivalent version exists)
Hong P, Wong W.
2005. GeneNotes: a novel
information management software for biologists. BMC
Bioinformatics [Internet]. [cited 2007 Jul
24];6:20. Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2105/6/20
Electronic
Book (in public domain on the
Internet)
Holmes SJ. 1916. The
biology of the frog [Internet]. 3rd
edition.
Web
Site (when no personal author
appears on Web site)
Emerald
Ash Borer [Internet]. Columbus (OH): Ohio Department of Agriculture; [updated
2008 May 30; cited 2008 Jul 8]. Available from:
http://www.ohioagriculture.gov/eab/
Parts of or Contributions to a Website
MedlinePLUS: Drugs and
Supplements [Internet]. 2007. Aspirin.